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How to ease famine in Africa
Handing out money or food vouches will stop people starving and boost businesses at the same time
By Fr Alexander Lucie-Smith on Friday, 8 July 2011
In This Article
Africa, drought, famine, Kenya, Save The Children, SomaliaShare
About the author
Fr Alexander Lucie-Smith
Alexander Lucie-Smith is a Catholic priest and a doctor of moral theology. On Twitter he is @ALucieSmith
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Dead cattle in Kenya: more than 10 million people are affected by the drought (AP Photo/ Sayyid Azim)
Famine has come to the Horn of Africa once more, because of the failure of seasonal rains. Once more, because this is an event of depressing regularity. As Mike Pflanz points out in a recent article in the Daily Telegraph:
When I lived in Africa I remember at least one severe drought that led to starvation in Northern Kenya, and one other less severe drought, both in the space of four years. But these droughts may be the norm rather than the exception, some scientists believe.
So, what is to be done? Well, it might be worthwhile paying a little attention to other drought-afflicted countries, such as Australia, the United States and Israel. That’s right – like Kenya all three have relatively fertile zones, but large arid or semi-arid regions as well. Australia is the driest country on earth; but there are fundamental differences between Australia, let’s say, and the countries of the Horn of Africa, and these explain why drought in Australia has never led to famine. Australia has road and rail links that enable food to be transported from areas of relative abundance to areas of shortage. Australia can import food from abroad, and has the money to do so. Australia has a social welfare system. Australia is politically stable. So, although Australia has severe droughts, these crises never turn into catastrophes.
In the Horn of Africa it is different. Most regions have no effective government – Somalia is notorious for this, but the north-east of Kenya is pretty bad too. Many of the worst affected areas are so wracked with violence from warlord-led gangs and the shifta (as local ruffians are called) that this must disrupt the lines of supply. War is always one of the major causes of famine. Many areas are inaccessible, because there are no roads or railways; supplies may be flown in, but local distribution still remains difficult. And then of course, the supplies that are flown in, donated by international charities, may well be stolen and sold in local markets, where they distort the local economy.
Giving food intended for the starving, food which may sadly never reach them, is the standard response of the developed world, though success has been patchy to put it mildly. The latest initiative, described by Pflanz, seems much more straightforward and likely of success:
This method not only tackles the immediate problem – having nothing to eat – but also tackles the underlying problem, that of an underdeveloped economic infrastructure. If people have money to buy food you can be sure that some bright spark will scent a business opportunity and be there to sell it to them.
Incidentally, there is no reason why the Kenyan government itself should not do this. They have, relatively speaking, plenty of money – enough certainly to spend on a range of vanity projects.
And while they are at it, they could also build a few roads, to stimulate the internal market, couldn’t they? This would enable the relative surplus in areas around Nairobi and Kisumu to be sold in areas afflicted by dearth. Too bad that unofficial guesstimates indicate that 80 per cent of all money that passes through official hands in Kenya never makes it to its final legitimate destination, but is somehow “lost” along the way.
But solutions for Kenya are relatively easy to think up, though difficult to implement; Somalia is another case entirely, as all attempts even to create a functioning government over the last two decades have met with resounding failure.
So what, then, can we ourselves do in the short term? One way to help famine victims in East Africa is to make a donation to Save the Children or some other reputable charity. Or else one could make contact with a priest or a nun working in one of the affected areas, and send them a donation direct, with instructions that the money is to be given to the hungry.